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Intraductal Endoscopy: The Flips and the Flops

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Dr Randhir Sud, New Delhi    05 December 2018

  • Intraductal endoscopy is safe and useful, and renders an enhanced accuracy in the diagnosis of indeterminate biliary strictures (IDBS).
  • Diagnostic indications for per-oral cholangioscopy (POCS) include indeterminate strictures and indeterminate filling defects.
  • Therapeutic indications for POCS include difficult common bile duct (CBD) stone management, complex hilar strictures, transcystic gallbladder drainage, for removal of migrated stents, intraductal photodynamic therapy and radiofrequency ablation (PDT/RFA).
  • Management of difficult CBD stones is possible with a high-degree of success, using intraductal lithotripsy under vision.

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